What is the function of a transformer?

The function of a transformer is to step up or step down voltage levels. This electrical device operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction, allowing it to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits while changing the voltage.

In a step-up transformer, the voltage is increased, which decreases the current, making it useful for transmitting electricity over long distances with minimal energy loss. Conversely, in a step-down transformer, the voltage is decreased, increasing the current, which is typically used in distribution networks to make electricity safe for use in homes and businesses. Transformers do not create new circuits, convert AC to DC, or measure electrical current; their primary role is the management of voltage levels within electrical systems, ensuring efficient power delivery and distribution.