What does a white wire typically indicate in residential wiring?

In residential wiring, a white wire is typically used as a neutral conductor. The role of the neutral wire is to carry current away from the electrical device back to the electrical panel, completing the circuit. This is crucial for the safe operation of electrical systems, as it helps maintain a balanced load and reduces the risk of electrical shock or fire hazards.

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the National Electrical Code (NEC) both standardize color coding for wiring to promote safety and consistency. While different regions and applications may have variations, in residential settings across the United States, the white wire is universally accepted as the neutral conductor.

Using this standardized color coding helps electricians and homeowners readily identify which wire serves which purpose, ensuring proper installation and maintenance of electrical systems. The other choices represent different functions in wiring systems, but in the context of residential wiring, the white wire's primary designation is as the neutral conductor.